基因總覽
TGFB1 是蛋白質編碼基因，產物屬於 TGF-beta 家族。transforming growth factor beta 1 前驅蛋白經加工後形成 Latency-associated peptide（LAP）與 Transforming growth factor beta-1（TGF-beta-1）兩條鏈，分別構成調控部分與活性部分。前驅蛋白含有訊號胜肽，以及 Straightjacket domain、Arm domain、Bowtie tail 和細胞附著位點等區域。LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 鏈之間的關係，使其產物不只是訊號分子，也包含調控活化時機的部分。
基因異名與舊稱
異名取自 HGNC，可能包含歷史名稱；蛋白質名稱以 UniProt 註解為準。
染色體位置與基因結構
查看實際轉錄本與 exon 註解
| Transcript | Genomic coordinates | Exons |
|---|---|---|
| ENST00000221930 ★ | 41,330,323–41,353,922 | 7 |
| ENST00001114525 | 41,288,203–41,353,961 | 8 |
| ENST00001114526 | 41,288,203–41,353,961 | 6 |
| ENST00001090430 | 41,301,578–41,353,961 | 7 |
| ENST00000890114 | 41,329,729–41,353,961 | 7 |
| ENST00001136818 | 41,330,323–41,353,961 | 7 |
| ENST00000966383 | 41,330,909–41,353,961 | 7 |
| ENST00001090431 | 41,330,909–41,353,961 | 6 |
| ENST00000600196 | 41,330,915–41,353,044 | 6 |
| ENST00000677934 | 41,330,915–41,353,044 | 5 |
| ENST00000966384 | 41,330,916–41,353,961 | 5 |
| ENST00001090433 | 41,330,918–41,353,961 | 7 |
顯示 12/13 個蛋白質編碼轉錄本；canonical 優先。
帶型與著絲點依 Ensembl 座標繪製；核染色體長度以 GRCh38 第 1 號染色體為共同尺度。黃色標記表示本基因位置，細小區間加粗以利辨識；實際基因長度與 exon 見下方資料。
分子功能與生物學過程
transforming growth factor beta 1 的活性受到多階段控制。前驅蛋白在 Golgi apparatus 裂解後，LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 鏈仍以非共價方式相連，使 TGF-beta-1 在細胞外基質儲存期間維持不活化。LAP 也會與 LTBP1、LRRC32/GARP、LRRC33/NRROS 等周邊分子互動，協助調節其活化；LRRC32/GARP 相關調控出現在活化的調節型 T 細胞表面，而 LRRC33/NRROS 可能參與巨噬細胞與 microglia 中的調控。
ITGAV:ITGB6 或 ITGAV:ITGB8 與 LAP 結合後，可促成其 Bowtie tail 構形改變並使 LAP 扭曲，進而釋出具活性的 TGF-beta-1。活化後的 TGF-beta-1 與 TGFBR1、TGFBR2 結合以傳遞訊號。此活化機制使其作用範圍受到局部控制，即使多種細胞都能表現，訊號仍可藉由 LAP 及周邊分子的調節而集中於細胞環境中的特定區域。
TGF-beta-1 參與多種細胞的生長與分化，也與正常發育、免疫功能、microglia 功能及神經退化反應有關；其中部分功能為相似性推定。在骨骼重塑方面，它能促進已承諾分化的成骨細胞趨化、增殖與分化，並刺激成骨作用。它也能促進膠原蛋白持續生成，相關機制涉及 CREB3L1 經調控性膜內蛋白水解而活化。
其對 T 細胞分化的影響依濃度而異：高濃度時可經 FOXP3 抑制 RORC 並降低 IL-17 表現，偏向調節型 T 細胞分化；低濃度時若與 IL-6、IL-21 同時作用，則促使 IL-17 與 IL-23 受體表現，偏向 T-helper 17 細胞分化。此外，TGF-beta-1 可促使 SMAD2/3 磷酸化並轉位至細胞核，也與牙乳頭細胞的 odontoblastic 分化、上皮間質轉換及細胞遷移有關。
Promoter 與基因調控
>TGFB1 ENST00000221930 GRCh38 chr19:41353822-41354922 strand=-1 5′→3′ 相對 TSS：-1000 到 +100 bp；1101 bp 依轉錄本 TSS 擷取的基因組序列；TSS = 0，兩端包含，未驗證為 promoter CCCGGGCACCCACCAGCTGGCCTGCCCCACGTGGCGGCCCCTGGGCAGTTGGCGAGAACAGTTGGCACGG GCTTTCGTGGGTGGTGGGCCGCAGCTGCTGCATGGGGACACCATCTACAGTGGGGCCGACCGCTATCGCC TGCACACAGCTGCTGGTGGCACCGTGCACCTGGAGATCGGCCTGCTGCTCCGCAACTTCGACCGCTACGG CGTGGAGTGCTGAGGGACTCTGCCTCCAACGTCACCACCATCCACACCCCGGACACCCAGTGATGGGGGA GGATGGCACAGTGGTCAAGAGCACAGACTCTAGAGACTGTCAGAGCTGACCCCAGCTAAGGCATGGCACC GCTTCTGTCCTTTCTAGGACCTCGGGGTCCCTCTGGGCCCAGTTTCCCTATCTGTAAATTGGGGACAGTA AATGTATGGGGTCGCAGGGTGTTGAGTGACAGGAGGCTGCTTAGCCACATGGGAGGTGCTCAGTAAAGGA GAGCAATTCTTACAGGTGTCTGCCTCCTGACCCTTCCATCCTTCAGGTGTCCTGTTGCCCCCTCCTCCCA CTGACACCCTCCGGAGGCCCCCATGTTGACAGACCCTCTTCTCCTACCTTGTTTCCCAGCCTGACTCTCC TTCCGTTCTGGGTCCCCCTCCTCTGGTCGGCTCCCCTGTGTCTCATCCCCCGGATTAAGCCTTCTCCGCC TGGTCCTCTTTCTCTGGTGACCCACACCGCCCGCAAAGCCACAGCGCATCTGGATCACCCGCTTTGGTGG CGCTTGGCCGCCAGGAGGCAGCACCCTGTTTGCGGGGCGGAGCCGGGGTGCCCGCCCCCTTTCCCCCAGG GCTGAAGGGACCCCCCTCGGAGCCCGCCCACGCGAGATGAGGACGGTGGCCCAGCCCCCCCATGCCCTCC CCCTGGGGGCCGCCCCCGCTCCCGCCCCGTGCGCTTCCTGGGTGGGGCCGGGGGCGGCTTCAAAACCCCC TGCCGACCCAGCCGGTCCCCGCCGCCGCCGCCCTTCGCGCCCTGGGCCATCTCCCTCCCACCTCCCTCCG CGGAGCAGCCAGACAGCGAGGGCCCCGGCCGGGGGCAGGGGGGACGCCCCG
EPDnew 實驗支持 promoter／TSS · 3 筆
| EPDnew ID | TSS（1-based） | 股向 | 來源顯示區間 |
|---|---|---|---|
| TGFB1_3 ↗ | 19:41,348,435 | 負股 | 41,348,425–41,348,484 |
| TGFB1_2 ↗ | 19:41,353,399 | 負股 | 41,353,389–41,353,448 |
| TGFB1_1 ↗ | 19:41,353,922 | 負股 | 41,353,912–41,353,971 |
EPDnew human v006 · UCSC hg38，GRCh38/hg38，透過 UCSC 取得。TSS 具有 CAGE／RAMPAGE 等實驗資料支持；任意擷取的上下游區間仍需另行判讀調控功能，不能視為整段皆經功能驗證。
EPD 封存狀態 ↗ · UCSC 資料說明 ↗ · EPD team, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; UCSC Genome Browser · CC BY 4.0
蛋白質結構域與序列
參考蛋白質長度：390 aa
transforming growth factor beta 1 前驅蛋白長 390 個胺基酸，含有 1–29 位的訊號胜肽。其區域包括 30–74 位的 Straightjacket domain、75–271 位的 Arm domain，以及 226–252 位的 Bowtie tail；細胞附著位點位於 244–246 位。該蛋白屬於 TGF-beta 家族。
蛋白質三維結構
細胞內定位
LAP 會分泌至細胞外空間及細胞外基質；Transforming growth factor beta-1 鏈亦為分泌型。 這與前驅蛋白加工後，活性鏈在細胞外環境中受到調控並可處於儲存狀態相符。
深綠色圓點：來源記載的蛋白質定位；數量不表示含量。
細胞外定位：圓點散佈於細胞周圍，與細胞膜保持距離。
動物細胞結構示意；器官大小與數量不按比例。點選細胞構造可查看定位註解。
交互作用與訊號網絡
拖曳節點後放開可帶動位置變化；點選夥伴查看證據。位置與連線長度不代表結合強度，圖中未推定夥伴彼此之間的關係。
更多交互作用夥伴 · 已取得 35 個夥伴
- ADAMTSL4Q6UY14-3 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- APPP05067 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- CATSPER1Q8NEC5 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- CYSRT1A8MQ03 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- DIP2AQ14689 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
- ENGP17813 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
- FCHO1A0A0C3SFZ9 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- FSTL1Q12841 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
- HOXA1P49639 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- KRTAP1-1Q07627 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- KRTAP1-3Q8IUG1 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- KRTAP10-8P60410 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- KRTAP4-11Q9BYQ6 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE1AQ5T7P2 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE1CQ5T751 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE1DQ5T752 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE2BO14633 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE2CQ5TA81 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE3AQ5TA76 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE3BQ5TA77 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LCE3DQ9BYE3 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LPXNO60711 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- LRRC32Q14392 · UniProt INTERACTION · 7 experiments
- LTBP1Q14766-1 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
- LTBP4Q8N2S1-1 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
TGFB1 可形成以雙硫鍵連結的同源二聚體。LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 鏈以非共價方式相連，且每個 LAP 單體與另一個單體上的 TGF-beta-1 鏈互動。LAP 另與 LTBP1、LRRC32/GARP、LRRC33/NRROS 及整合素等分子互動，參與活化調控；活性 TGF-beta-1 則與 TGFBR1、TGFBR2 結合以傳遞訊號。其他互作包括 HTRA1、HTRA3、CD109、DPT、ASPN、EFEMP2、NREP、HSP90AB1、PSG9 與 TGFBR3；其中 HTRA 蛋白酶與 TGFB1 訊號抑制的關係，以及部分調控作用，屬相似性推定。
疾病與遺傳關聯
TGFB1 相關變異與 Camurati-Engelmann disease 1（CAEND1）有關；此常染色體顯性疾病以長骨骨幹骨質增生與硬化為特徵，通常在童年發病，可能伴隨疼痛、肌力減弱及蹣跚步態，也可能出現貧血、白血球減少或肝脾腫大。另一項相關疾病為發炎性腸病、免疫缺陷與腦病（IBDIMDE），屬常染色體隱性疾病，可有嚴重嬰兒期發炎性腸病、發育遲緩、癲癇、腦萎縮及腦病，並伴隨 T 細胞反應受損、T 細胞亞群減少與反覆感染。來源將兩者列為受影響基因變異所致的疾病。
Contextual Functional Evidence Matrix
矩陣以「功能主張」為列，以細胞情境、干預條件、量測結果與證據來源為欄，方便比較同一功能在不同條件下的支持情形。只有含情境與實驗資訊的紀錄會列入矩陣；一般功能註解另列於下方。
功能註解總覽 · 10 筆
| 功能面向 | 功能敘述 | 證據類型 | 可查核來源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 功能 | transforming growth factor beta 1 前驅蛋白是 LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 兩條鏈的前驅物；兩者分別構成 TGF-beta-1 的調控部分與活性部分。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively PMID 29109152 ↗ · PMID 27252363 ↗ |
| 功能 | LAP 使 TGF-beta-1 在細胞外基質儲存期間維持潛伏狀態，並以非共價方式與其相連。LAP 透過 LTBP1、LRRC32/GARP、LRRC33/NRROS 等周邊分子調節活化；LRRC33/NRROS 在巨噬細胞與 microglia 的作用屬可能，LRRC32/GARP 則調控活化調節型 T 細胞表面的 TGF-beta-1。ITGAV:ITGB6 或 ITGAV:ITGB8 與 LAP 互動可使其扭曲並釋出活性 TGF-beta-1。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Required to maintain the Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chain in a latent state during storage in extracellular matrix. Associates non-covalently with TGF-beta-1 and regulates its activation via interaction with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP and LRRC33/NRROS, that control activation of TGF-beta-1. Interaction with LRRC33/NRROS regulates activation of TGF-beta-1 in macrophages and microglia (Probable). Interaction with LRRC32/GARP controls activation of TGF-beta-1 on the surface of activated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Interaction with integrins (ITGAV:ITGB6 or ITGAV:ITGB8) results in distortion of the Latency-associated peptide chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1 PMID 19651619 ↗ · PMID 19750484 ↗ · PMID 2022183 ↗ · PMID 22278742 ↗ · PMID 28117447 ↗ · PMID 8617200 ↗ · PMID 8939931 ↗ · PMID 29909984 ↗ |
| 功能 | TGF-beta-1 參與多種細胞生長與分化，以及發育、免疫、microglia 功能和神經退化反應，部分功能依相似性推定。前驅蛋白在 Golgi apparatus 裂解後，LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 仍非共價相連並在細胞外基質保持不活化；周邊分子與整合素可調節其釋出，活性鏈再結合 TGFBR1、TGFBR2 傳遞訊號。其作用包括骨形成、膠原生成、濃度依賴的 T 細胞分化、SMAD2/3 活化、牙本質細胞分化，以及上皮間質轉換和細胞遷移。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains remain non-covalently linked rendering TGF-beta-1 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix. At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP and LRRC33/NRROS that control activation of TGF-beta-1 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in extracellular milieus. TGF-beta-1 is released from LAP by integrins (ITGAV:ITGB6 or ITGAV:ITGB8): integrin-binding to LAP stabilizes an alternative conformation of the LAP bowtie tail and results in distortion of the LAP chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1. Once activated following release of LAP, TGF-beta-1 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), which transduce signal. While expressed by many cells types, TGF-beta-1 only has a very localized range of action within cell environment thanks to fine regulation of its activation by Latency-associated peptide chain (LAP) and 'milieu molecules' (By similarity). Plays an important role in bone remodeling: acts as a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts (By similarity). Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner (By similarity). At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development (By similarity). At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells (By similarity). Stimulates sustained production of collagen through the activation of CREB3L1 by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). Mediates SMAD2/3 activation by inducing its phosphorylation and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Positively regulates odontoblastic differentiation in dental papilla cells, via promotion of IPO7-mediated translocation of phosphorylated SMAD2 to the nucleus and subsequent transcription of target genes (By similarity). Can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration in various cell types PMID 19651619 ↗ · PMID 19750484 ↗ · PMID 20207738 ↗ · PMID 2022183 ↗ · PMID 22278742 ↗ · PMID 25310401 ↗ · PMID 25893292 ↗ · PMID 28117447 ↗ · PMID 29109152 ↗ · PMID 29483653 ↗ · PMID 30696809 ↗ · PMID 8617200 ↗ · PMID 8939931 ↗ |
| 交互作用 | TGFB1 形成雙硫鍵連結的同源二聚體。它與 HTRA1 或 HTRA3 互動時，TGFB1 訊號受到抑制，且此抑制需要 HTRA 蛋白酶活性；此關係為相似性推定。TGFB1 可能與 THSD4 互動，並因 FBN1 微纖維組裝而被隔離、減弱訊號。另有 CD109、DPT、ASPN、EFEMP2 與 TSKU 等互作，其中 TSKU 互作與毛髮週期調節有關。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3: the interaction with either inhibits TGFB1-mediated signaling and the HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition (By similarity). May interact with THSD4; this interaction may lead to sequestration by FBN1 microfibril assembly and attenuation of TGFB signaling (By similarity). Interacts with CD109, DPT and ASPN. Interacts with EFEMP2. Interacts with TSKU; the interaction contributes to regulation of the hair cycle (By similarity) PMID 16754747 ↗ · PMID 17827158 ↗ · PMID 20207738 ↗ · PMID 25209176 ↗ · PMID 27339457 ↗ · PMID 28117447 ↗ · PMID 29109152 ↗ · PMID 9895299 ↗ |
| 交互作用 | TGFB1 可形成雙硫鍵連結的同源二聚體。LAP 與 TGF-beta-1 鏈非共價結合以維持潛伏狀態，且每個 LAP 單體與另一單體的 TGF-beta-1 鏈互動。LAP 與 LTBP1、LRRC32/GARP、LRRC33/NRROS 及 ITGAV:ITGB6 互動以調節或促成活化；LRRC33/NRROS 在巨噬細胞和 microglia 的作用屬可能。NREP 互動降低 TGFB1 自我誘導，HSP90AB1 抑制潛伏 TGFB1 活化，PSG9 則促進活化；另與 TGFBR3 互動。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chain; interaction is non-covalent and maintains TGF-beta-1 in a latent state; each latency-associated peptide (LAP) monomer interacts with TGF-beta-1 in the other monomer. Interacts with LTBP1; leading to regulation of TGF-beta-1 activation. Interacts with LRRC32/GARP; leading to regulation of TGF-beta-1 activation on the surface of activated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Interacts with LRRC33/NRROS; leading to regulation of TGF-beta-1 in macrophages and microglia (Probable). Interacts (via cell attachment site) with integrins ITGAV and ITGB6 (ITGAV:ITGB6), leading to release of the active TGF-beta-1. Interacts with NREP; the interaction results in a decrease in TGFB1 autoinduction (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AB1; inhibits latent TGFB1 activation. Interact with PSG9; leading to TGFB1 activation. Interacts with TGFBR3 PMID 18184661 ↗ · PMID 19651619 ↗ · PMID 19750484 ↗ · PMID 2022183 ↗ · PMID 20599762 ↗ · PMID 22278742 ↗ · PMID 25209176 ↗ · PMID 27389696 ↗ · PMID 28117447 ↗ · PMID 29109152 ↗ · PMID 8617200 ↗ · PMID 8939931 ↗ · PMID 29909984 ↗ |
| 交互作用 | TGFB1 形成雙硫鍵連結的同源二聚體，並與 TGF-beta 受體 TGFBR1、TGFBR2 互動，促成訊號傳遞。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with TGF-beta receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), leading to signal transduction PMID 20207738 ↗ · PMID 25209176 ↗ · PMID 28117447 ↗ · PMID 29109152 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | LAP 為分泌型，定位於細胞外空間及細胞外基質。 | 含實驗來源 | |
| 細胞定位 | Transforming growth factor beta-1 為分泌型。 | 含實驗來源 | |
| 疾病關聯 | Camurati-Engelmann disease 1（CAEND1）是常染色體顯性疾病，特徵為長骨骨幹骨質增生與硬化，顱底也可能硬化。患者通常於童年發病，可有疼痛、肌肉無力和蹣跚步態，也可能出現貧血、白血球減少及肝脾腫大。此病被列為由影響該基因的變異所致。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Camurati-Engelmann disease 1 CAEND1 A form of Camurati-Engelmann disease, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hyperostosis and sclerosis of the diaphyses of long bones. Sclerotic changes at the skull base may also be present. The disease typically presents in childhood with pain, muscular weakness, and waddling gait. Systemic manifestations such as anemia, leukopenia, and hepatosplenomegaly may also occur. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 131300 PMID 10973241 ↗ · PMID 11062463 ↗ · PMID 12493741 ↗ · PMID 12843182 ↗ · PMID 15103729 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | 發炎性腸病、免疫缺陷與腦病（IBDIMDE）是常染色體隱性疾病，特徵為嚴重嬰兒期發炎性腸病，可有血便與生長不良，並伴隨整體發育遲緩、癲癇、腦萎縮及腦病。患者可能反覆感染，且 T 細胞受刺激後的反應受損，調節型與輔助型 T 細胞等亞群減少。此病被列為由影響該基因的變異所致。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, and encephalopathy IBDIMDE An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe infantile inflammatory bowel disease manifesting as bloody diarrhea and failure to thrive, global developmental delay, epilepsy, brain atrophy and encephalopathy. Affected individuals suffer from recurrent infections associated with impaired T-cell response to stimulation and decreased T-cell subsets, including regulatory and helper T cells. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 618213 PMID 29483653 ↗ |
核酸與蛋白質序列
GCCGCCGCCGCCCTTCGCGCCCTGGGCCATCTCCCTCCCA40CCTCCCTCCGCGGAGCAGCCAGACAGCGAGGGCCCCGGCC80GGGGGCAGGGGGGACGCCCCGTCCGGGGCACCCCCCCGGC120TCTGAGCCGCCCGCGGGGCCGGCCTCGGCCCGGAGCGGAG160GAAGGAGTCGCCGAGGAGCAGCCTGAGGCCCCAGAGTCTG200AGACGAGCCGCCGCCGCCCCCGCCACTGCGGGGAGGAGGG240GGAGGAGGAGCGGGAGGAGGGACGAGCTGGTCGGGAGAAG280AGGAAAAAAACTTTTGAGACTTTTCCGTTGCCGCTGGGAG320CCGGAGGCGCGGGGACCTCTTGGCGCGACGCTGCCCCGCG360AGGAGGCAGGACTTGGGGACCCCAGACCGCCTCCCTTTGC400CGCCGGGGACGCTTGCTCCCTCCCTGCCCCCTACACGGCG440TCCCTCAGGCGCCCCCATTCCGGACCAGCCCTCGGGAGTC480GCCGACCCGGCCTCCCGCAAAGACTTTTCCCCAGACCTCG520GGCGCACCCCCTGCACGCCGCCTTCATCCCCGGCCTGTCT560CCTGAGCCCCCGCGCATCCTAGACCCTTTCTCCTCCAGGA600GACGGATCTCTCTCCGACCTGCCACAGATCCCCTATTCAA640GACCACCCACCTTCTGGTACCAGATCGCGCCCATCTAGGT680TATTTCCGTGGGATACTGAGACACCCCCGGTCCAAGCCTC720CCCTCCACCACTGCGCCCTTCTCCCTGAGGACCTCAGCTT760TCCCTCGAGGCCCTCCTACCTTTTGCCGGGAGACCCCCAG800CCCCTGCAGGGGCGGGGCCTCCCCACCACACCAGCCCTGT840TCGCGCTCTCGGCAGTGCCGGGGGGCGCCGCCTCCCCCAT880GCCGCCCTCCGGGCTGCGGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTACCG920CTGCTGTGGCTACTGGTGCTGACGCCTGGCCGGCCGGCCG960cDNA 使用 DNA 字母 T；mRNA 模式改以 U 顯示。轉錄本保留已註解的非編碼區，未另外加入 poly(A) 尾；非編碼 RNA 的參考轉錄本也可能仍需後續加工。數字為所選序列的 1-based 位置。長序列以黃色捲軸瀏覽，可複製或下載完整轉錄本與蛋白質；基因組 DNA 隨捲動取得所需範圍。