基因總覽
SMARCA2 是蛋白質編碼基因,其產物 SWI/SNF related BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit ATPase 2 屬於 SNF2/RAD54 helicase 家族,也是 SWI/SNF 染色質重塑複合體的催化次單元。它可出現在多種複合體組合中,包括神經前驅細胞特異性的 npBAF complex,以及神經元特異性的 nBAF complex。蛋白質具有 QLQ、HSA、Helicase ATP-binding、Helicase C-terminal 與 Bromo 等結構域,並含多段預測為無序的區域。這些特徵構成其作為大型染色質重塑複合體成員的基本分子背景。
基因異名與舊稱
異名取自 HGNC,可能包含歷史名稱;蛋白質名稱以 UniProt 註解為準。
染色體位置與基因結構
查看實際轉錄本與 exon 註解
| Transcript | Genomic coordinates | Exons |
|---|---|---|
| ENST00000349721 ★ | 2,015,347–2,193,620 | 34 |
| ENST00000637383 | 1,980,290–2,029,051 | 2 |
| ENST00000357248 | 2,015,186–2,193,624 | 33 |
| ENST00000450198 | 2,015,186–2,193,624 | 33 |
| ENST00000637103 | 2,015,186–2,046,037 | 5 |
| ENST00000704351 | 2,015,186–2,043,568 | 5 |
| ENST00000636559 | 2,015,186–2,045,869 | 4 |
| ENST00000704352 | 2,015,186–2,193,624 | 12 |
| ENST00000704353 | 2,015,186–2,193,624 | 13 |
| ENST00001138980 | 2,015,186–2,193,624 | 34 |
| ENST00000634287 | 2,015,221–2,039,575 | 3 |
| ENST00000704350 | 2,015,318–2,193,624 | 31 |
顯示 12/56 個蛋白質編碼轉錄本;canonical 優先。
帶型與著絲點依 Ensembl 座標繪製;核染色體長度以 GRCh38 第 1 號染色體為共同尺度。黃色標記表示本基因位置,細小區間加粗以利辨識;實際基因長度與 exon 見下方資料。
分子功能與生物學過程
SMARCA2 是 ATPase,可參與特定基因的轉錄活化或抑制。它作為 SWI/SNF 染色質重塑複合體的催化成員,以 ATP 水解所提供的能量改變核小體內 DNA 與組蛋白的接觸,進而調整 DNA-核小體的拓樸與染色質結構;它也能非特異性地結合 DNA。其 ATPase 反應為 ATP 與水生成 ADP、磷酸及氫離子。
在神經發育期間,神經前驅細胞離開細胞週期並分化為神經元時,染色質重塑複合體的次單元組成會轉換。npBAF complex 含 ACTL6A/BAF53A 與 PHF10/BAF45A;隨著前驅細胞退出有絲分裂並分化,這些次單元會由同源替代成員 ACTL6B/BAF53B,以及 DPF1/BAF45B 或 DPF3/BAF45C 取代,形成神經元特異性的 nBAF complex。
npBAF complex 對多能神經幹細胞的自我更新與增殖能力至關重要。nBAF complex 則與 CREST 一同參與調節對樹突生長必要的基因活性;此項作用在來源中標示為相似性推定。
Promoter 與基因調控
>SMARCA2 ENST00000349721 GRCh38 chr9:2014347-2015447 strand=1 5′→3′ 相對 TSS:-1000 到 +100 bp;1101 bp 依轉錄本 TSS 擷取的基因組序列;TSS = 0,兩端包含,未驗證為 promoter CCCGCCAGCCCCGCCCCCAGGGTTTGTTTTTCCATATTTTTGTATATATTTTAGCGAAGATGGCAGGTGA GGGAAGGTTATAGTGCTGTACCTAGTCCACGAAGTAAACAGAGAGGTTAGGGTGGGTTTACTTATTTATA AGGCGTTCAGCCTCTCAGCTGTTTCTCCCTCGTTGGCATTTGGAAGCTTGCAGTCCTTCAGGGAAGAGAC AGATTTGGCAGGAACGTTCTTTGTGCCCGCCTCCCTTTTCTATTTTTTATTTTTTTACCTGGAATAGGGG GCAGATTTATAATGACAGCCTTAGGGAAGGGGGAGAAAAAGTTTCAGCCGGCACGACAATGCCCGTTTTT TCCACAGTCCACACTGTGCCACAAACAGCTTTGGTGCCACTCGGAGCCCGTCCCCCGTCCCCTCCCTCTC TCTCTGCAGGCTCGCACTGGCAGGCGGAGGCACAGTTAAATTCCAGCACCTTCTCCACATACCCCCGAAC TACTACGCGCTATTACTACGGCTGCCCTCCGTTTTCGCTTCGCCTCCTCCCCTTCCGCAGTCTCCCTGGA GGAGCCCCGCGGCGCCCGAGGAAGAGGACTGCCAGGGAAGGGACAGCGGGCGCCCAGCTCCAGCAGGGCT TGGGGCTTTCTGCATCCCGCGCAGTTTCTCTGCTCCAGGCACAAACGCGGCCCGAGAGCCGGCGCCTTGC AGTCACACACGGATCCACGCATACAGTAGAGCTGTCTAGATCCACATTCTTGCACACCGCCCCCTCCTCC CCCCGCGCTCCCGGAGTCGCTGAGCTGAGCGAGTGACAGGCGCGTCCCGCCAACCCGCGCCCGGACGGGC AGGGAGGAGCGGCGCGCGGGGCCAACTGCGGCGCGTCTTCCGGCGCCCGCGGAGGAGGCGAGGGTGGGAC GCTGGGCGGAGCCCGAGTTTAGGAAGAGGAGGGGACGGCTGTCATCAATGAAGTCATATTCATAATCTAG TCCTCTCTCCCTCTGTTTCTGTACTCTGGGTGACTCAGAGAGGGAAGAGATTCAGCCAGCACACTCCTCG CGAGCAAGGTAAATATAACTTACAACTCTTTTCTCCTCTTTCCCCTCCCTT
EPDnew 實驗支持 promoter/TSS · 1 筆
| EPDnew ID | TSS(1-based) | 股向 | 來源顯示區間 |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMARCA2_1 ↗ | 9:2,015,347 | 正股 | 2,015,298–2,015,357 |
EPDnew human v006 · UCSC hg38,GRCh38/hg38,透過 UCSC 取得。TSS 具有 CAGE/RAMPAGE 等實驗資料支持;任意擷取的上下游區間仍需另行判讀調控功能,不能視為整段皆經功能驗證。
EPD 封存狀態 ↗ · UCSC 資料說明 ↗ · EPD team, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; UCSC Genome Browser · CC BY 4.0
查看已取得的調控/motif 註解
ENSR9_BDRJ · promoter · 2014696–2015365 · regulatory
ENSR9_9RL8 · promoter · 2015481–2015981 · regulatory
ENSR9_BDRS · promoter · 2016922–2017596 · regulatory
ENSR9_C7F2 · enhancer · 2017597–2019523 · regulatory
· motif · 2011716–2011727 · motif
· motif · 2013081–2013094 · motif
· motif · 2013081–2013094 · motif
· motif · 2013180–2013193 · motif
· motif · 2013966–2013975 · motif
· motif · 2014091–2014103 · motif
· motif · 2015100–2015110 · motif
· motif · 2015106–2015116 · motif
· motif · 2015288–2015301 · motif
· motif · 2015302–2015315 · motif
· motif · 2015302–2015315 · motif
· motif · 2015518–2015531 · motif
· motif · 2016309–2016322 · motif
· motif · 2016464–2016481 · motif
· motif · 2016942–2016957 · motif
· motif · 2017088–2017105 · motif
· motif · 2017132–2017145 · motif
· motif · 2017138–2017151 · motif
· motif · 2017179–2017194 · motif
· motif · 2017579–2017592 · motif
· motif · 2017581–2017592 · motif
· motif · 2017581–2017592 · motif
· motif · 2018127–2018140 · motif
· motif · 2018127–2018140 · motif
· motif · 2018904–2018926 · motif
· motif · 2018904–2018926 · motif
· motif · 2018925–2018935 · motif
蛋白質結構域與序列
參考蛋白質長度:1590 aa
蛋白質長 1590 個胺基酸,屬於 SNF2/RAD54 helicase 家族。註解的結構域包括 QLQ、HSA、Helicase ATP-binding、Helicase C-terminal 與 Bromo;另有 DEGH box motif。序列中亦標示多段無序區域。
蛋白質三維結構
PDB · 9AYQ
X-ray · 2.90 A · A/B=495-551, A/B=701-1150, A/B=1166-1302
查看原始結構紀錄 ↗實驗模型;依序列位置著色,可能只覆蓋局部區域。
細胞內定位
SMARCA2 位於細胞核,並可定位至 DNA 損傷位點;來源未提供其定位變化的條件或異構型差異。
深綠色圓點:來源記載的蛋白質定位;數量不表示含量。
動物細胞結構示意;器官大小與數量不按比例。點選細胞構造可查看定位註解。
交互作用與訊號網絡
拖曳節點後放開可帶動位置變化;點選夥伴查看證據。位置與連線長度不代表結合強度,圖中未推定夥伴彼此之間的關係。
更多交互作用夥伴 · 已取得 9 個夥伴
- ARID1AO14497 · UniProt INTERACTION · 6 experiments
- ARID1BQ8NFD5 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
- KHDRBS1Q07666 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
- MECP2P51608 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
- PICK1Q9NRD5 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments
- SDCBPO00560 · UniProt INTERACTION · 2 experiments · 2 筆來源紀錄
- SMARCC2Q8TAQ2 · UniProt INTERACTION · 5 experiments
- tatP04326 · UniProt INTERACTION · 8 experiments
- BEND7Q8N7W2-2 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
SMARCA2 是 SWI/SNF-A(BAF)、SWI/SNF-B(PBAF)及相關染色質重塑複合體的成員;典型複合體中的催化次單元由 SMARCA2 或 SMARCA4 擇一組成。它也屬於 npBAF 與 nBAF complex,兩者的次單元組成不同。另有直接互作記載:SMARCA2 與 PHF10/BAF45A、TOPBP1、DPF2、ERCC6 互作;與未甲基化的 CEBPB,以及磷酸化的 CEBPA 互作。
疾病與遺傳關聯
SMARCA2 變異會造成 Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome,表現可包括嚴重智能障礙、語言缺失或受限、癲癇及特定骨骼與外觀特徵;部分特徵會隨時間進展。變異也會造成 Blepharophimosis-impaired intellectual development syndrome,這是一種常染色體顯性先天症候群,可伴隨眼瞼裂狹小、發育遲緩及智能發展受損等表現。另有資料指出,影響 SMARCA2 的變異可能與 schizophrenia 易感性相關;此處為疾病易感性關聯,並非因果陳述。
Contextual Functional Evidence Matrix
矩陣以「功能主張」為列,以細胞情境、干預條件、量測結果與證據來源為欄,方便比較同一功能在不同條件下的支持情形。只有含情境與實驗資訊的紀錄會列入矩陣;一般功能註解另列於下方。
功能註解總覽 · 7 筆
| 功能面向 | 功能敘述 | 證據類型 | 可查核來源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 功能 | SMARCA2 是 ATPase,透過染色質重塑參與特定基因的轉錄活化與抑制,並以 ATP 依賴方式改變核小體內 DNA-組蛋白接觸,也可非特異性結合 DNA。它同時參與 npBAF 與 nBAF complex;神經前驅細胞分化為神經元時,複合體次單元由 ACTL6A/BAF53A、PHF10/BAF45A 轉換為 ACTL6B/BAF53B 及 DPF1/BAF45B 或 DPF3/BAF45C。npBAF 支持神經幹細胞自我更新與增殖;nBAF 與 CREST 參與調節樹突生長相關基因,此項描述為相似性推定。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源ATPase involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Binds DNA non-specifically. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth (By similarity) PMID 15075294 ↗ · PMID 22952240 ↗ · PMID 26601204 ↗ |
| 分子活性 | ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + H(+) | 含實驗來源 | |
| 交互作用 | SMARCA2 是 SWI/SNF-A(BAF)、SWI/SNF-B(PBAF)及相關複合體的成員;典型複合體的催化次單元由 SMARCA2 或 SMARCA4 擇一。它也出現在 BAF、npBAF 與 nBAF complex,後兩者具有不同的次單元組成;肌肉細胞的 BAF complex 另含 DPF3。來源亦記載 SMARCA2 與 PHF10/BAF45A、TOPBP1、DPF2、ERCC6 互作,並分別在 CEBPB 未甲基化及 CEBPA 磷酸化時與其互作。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Component of the multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF: SWI/SNF-A (BAF), SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) and related complexes. The canonical complex contains a catalytic subunit (either SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A or SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, mutually exclusive) and at least SMARCE1, ACTL6A/BAF53, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, and SMARCB1/SNF5/BAF47. Other subunits specific to each of the complexes may also be present permitting several possible combinations developmentally and tissue specific (Probable). Component of the BAF complex, which includes at least actin (ACTB), ARID1A/BAF250A, ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCA2/BRM, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, ACTL6A/BAF53, ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/SNF5/INI1, and one or more SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, or SMARCD3/BAF60C. In muscle cells, the BAF complex also contains DPF3. Component of neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, PHF10/BAF45A, ACTL6A/BAF53A and actin. Component of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, DPF1/BAF45B, DPF3/BAF45C, ACTL6B/BAF53B and actin. Interacts with PHF10/BAF45A (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPB (when not methylated). Interacts with TOPBP1. Interacts with CEBPA (when phosphorylated). Interacts with DPF2. Interacts with ERCC6 PMID 15075294 ↗ · PMID 15107404 ↗ · PMID 18765789 ↗ · PMID 20111005 ↗ · PMID 20460684 ↗ · PMID 26030138 ↗ · PMID 22952240 ↗ · PMID 26601204 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | SMARCA2 定位於細胞核,也會出現在 DNA 損傷位點;此項定位資料未說明其他條件或異構型差異。 | 含實驗來源 | |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 SMARCA2 的變異會造成罕見疾病 Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome。其特徵包括嚴重智能障礙、語言缺失或受限、癲癇、身材矮小、毛髮稀疏、典型臉部特徵、短指、指關節突出及遠端指骨寬;部分特徵可能隨時間進展。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome NCBRS A rare disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability with absent or limited speech, seizures, short stature, sparse hair, typical facial characteristics, brachydactyly, prominent finger joints and broad distal phalanges. Some of the features are progressive with time. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 601358 PMID 22366787 ↗ · PMID 22426308 ↗ · PMID 23906836 ↗ · PMID 27665729 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 SMARCA2 的變異會造成常染色體顯性先天症候群 Blepharophimosis-impaired intellectual development syndrome。其表現包括眼瞼裂狹小、臉部特徵異常、整體發展與動作技能遲緩、智能發展受損、語言不良或缺失;部分患者有行為異常,其他可變表現包括骨骼異常、餵食困難、生長不佳、呼吸道感染及肌張力低下合併周邊痙攣。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Blepharophimosis-impaired intellectual development syndrome BIS An autosomal dominant congenital syndrome characterized by blepharophimosis, facial dysmorphism, global development delay, delayed motor skills, impaired intellectual development with poor or absent speech, and behavioral abnormalities in some patients. Additional variable features include distal skeletal anomalies, feeding difficulties with poor growth, respiratory infections, and hypotonia with peripheral spasticity. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 619293 PMID 32694869 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | Schizophrenia 是複雜且多因子的精神病性疾患或一組疾患,可涉及思考內容與形式、情緒、自我感及行為的異常;部分患者也可能有輕微認知功能受損。影響 SMARCA2 的變異可能與此病的易感性相關,來源描述的是關聯而非確定因果。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Schizophrenia SCZD A complex, multifactorial psychotic disorder or group of disorders characterized by disturbances in the form and content of thought (e.g. delusions, hallucinations), in mood (e.g. inappropriate affect), in sense of self and relationship to the external world (e.g. loss of ego boundaries, withdrawal), and in behavior (e.g bizarre or apparently purposeless behavior). Although it affects emotions, it is distinguished from mood disorders in which such disturbances are primary. Similarly, there may be mild impairment of cognitive function, and it is distinguished from the dementias in which disturbed cognitive function is considered primary. Some patients manifest schizophrenic as well as bipolar disorder symptoms and are often given the diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder. Disease susceptibility may be associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 181500 PMID 19363039 ↗ |
核酸與蛋白質序列
GTACTCTGGGTGACTCAGAGAGGGAAGAGATTCAGCCAGC40ACACTCCTCGCGAGCAAGCATTACTCTACTGACTGGCAGA80GACAGGAGAGGTAGATGTCCACGCCCACAGACCCTGGTGC120GATGCCCCACCCAGGGCCTTCGCCGGGGCCTGGGCCTTCC160CCTGGGCCAATTCTTGGGCCTAGTCCAGGACCAGGACCAT200CCCCAGGTTCCGTCCACAGCATGATGGGGCCAAGTCCTGG240ACCTCCAAGTGTCTCCCATCCTATGCCGACGATGGGGTCC280ACAGACTTCCCACAGGAAGGCATGCATCAAATGCATAAGC320CCATCGATGGTATACATGACAAGGGGATTGTAGAAGACAT360CCATTGTGGATCCATGAAGGGCACTGGTATGCGACCACCT400CACCCAGGCATGGGCCCTCCCCAGAGTCCAATGGATCAAC440ACAGCCAAGGTTATATGTCACCACACCCATCTCCATTAGG480AGCCCCAGAGCACGTCTCCAGCCCTATGTCTGGAGGAGGC520CCAACTCCACCTCAGATGCCACCAAGCCAGCCGGGGGCCC560TCATCCCAGGTGATCCGCAGGCCATGAGCCAGCCCAACAG600AGGTCCCTCACCTTTCAGTCCTGTCCAGCTGCATCAGCTT640CGAGCTCAGATTTTAGCTTATAAAATGCTGGCCCGAGGCC680AGCCCCTCCCCGAAACGCTGCAGCTTGCAGTCCAGGGGAA720AAGGACGTTGCCTGGCTTGCAGCAACAACAGCAGCAGCAA760CAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGC800AACAGCAGCCGCAGCAGCAGCCGCCGCAACCACAGACGCA840GCAACAACAGCAGCCGGCCCTTGTTAACTACAACAGACCA880TCTGGCCCGGGGCCGGAGCTGAGCGGCCCGAGCACCCCGC920AGAAGCTGCCGGTGCCCGCGCCCGGCGGCCGGCCCTCGCC960cDNA 使用 DNA 字母 T;mRNA 模式改以 U 顯示。轉錄本保留已註解的非編碼區,未另外加入 poly(A) 尾;非編碼 RNA 的參考轉錄本也可能仍需後續加工。數字為所選序列的 1-based 位置。長序列以黃色捲軸瀏覽,可複製或下載完整轉錄本與蛋白質;基因組 DNA 隨捲動取得所需範圍。