基因總覽
DST 是蛋白質編碼基因,其產物 Dystonin 屬於細胞骨架連結蛋白。來源描述的結構特色包括 Calponin-homology(CH)區域、SH3 結構域,以及多個 Spectrin 與 Plectin 重複序列。這些資訊呈現其具有多區段的蛋白質架構;具體細胞功能則依細胞類型而異,涵蓋上皮、神經與肌肉細胞中的細胞骨架連結。
基因異名與舊稱
異名取自 HGNC,可能包含歷史名稱;蛋白質名稱以 UniProt 註解為準。
染色體位置與基因結構
查看實際轉錄本與 exon 註解
| Transcript | Genomic coordinates | Exons |
|---|---|---|
| ENST00000680361 ★ | 56,457,996–56,954,830 | 104 |
| ENST00000244364 | 56,457,981–56,642,996 | 84 |
| ENST00000312431 | 56,457,981–56,851,916 | 95 |
| ENST00000421834 | 56,457,981–56,843,647 | 94 |
| ENST00000370788 | 56,457,981–56,843,665 | 93 |
| ENST00000520645 | 56,457,981–56,851,951 | 93 |
| ENST00000449297 | 56,457,981–56,955,274 | 95 |
| ENST00000340834 | 56,457,981–56,542,204 | 43 |
| ENST00000361203 | 56,457,981–56,843,153 | 98 |
| ENST00001141268 | 56,457,981–56,954,830 | 104 |
| ENST00000651790 | 56,458,033–56,506,743 | 27 |
| ENST00000651289 | 56,458,058–56,482,089 | 13 |
顯示 12/21 個蛋白質編碼轉錄本;canonical 優先。
帶型與著絲點依 Ensembl 座標繪製;核染色體長度以 GRCh38 第 1 號染色體為共同尺度。黃色標記表示本基因位置,細小區間加粗以利辨識;實際基因長度與 exon 見下方資料。
分子功能與生物學過程
Dystonin 可整合中間絲、actin 與微管等細胞骨架網絡。在神經與肌肉細胞中,它是中間絲連接 actin 細胞骨架所需的蛋白;在上皮細胞中,則可將含 keratin 的中間絲錨定至半橋粒,參與半橋粒的組裝與結構維持。來源也指出,這些蛋白可能自我聚集形成絲狀結構或二維網狀結構。
在上皮細胞中,Dystonin 除了支撐半橋粒,亦參與調節角質細胞的極性與移動能力,並介導 integrin ITGB4 對 RAC1 活性的調節。這些功能將細胞骨架組織與上皮細胞的方向性及運動連結起來;來源未進一步說明此調節的分子步驟。
Dystonin 也有助於在細胞核周圍束集 actin 絲。在感覺神經元中,它調節微管網絡的組織與穩定性,使軸突運輸得以進行。另有相似性推論指出,Dystonin 可透過與 TMEM108 和 DCTN1 互作,促進 dynein/dynactin 馬達複合體停靠於囊泡貨物,參與逆向軸突運輸;此項描述標示為 By similarity,應視為相似性推論,而非此處直接證實的機制。
Promoter 與基因調控
>DST ENST00000680361 GRCh38 chr6:56954730-56955830 strand=-1 5′→3′ 相對 TSS:-1000 到 +100 bp;1101 bp 依轉錄本 TSS 擷取的基因組序列;TSS = 0,兩端包含,未驗證為 promoter CTCACACTCCCTAAAAAATTTCTCCCCCAAATGTTTATAAGCCAAGTACCAACTTACTTCATCTGCCAGG TCCCTAAATCTGAAATCGCCTTGCCCTTCAAATGCACTAAATGAGTCAGGGTTTTAGGGCAAACCCAGGG ATACAAGAAGATCGAAAGTGCCCAATTCTTAGCTGCGAGATAAGCACCAAGTTTGGGGTGGAAGAGTTCA CCTCTGCCGACCAGAGCGTACTACCCCGGAGCGCTCCTAGTTTAGAGAGGCTTGGAGAGGAGTGGGCCTC CCGTTCCTGGAGTATCCCAATTCCCAGGGAAGGCCCTTCCCGGCGCTCGCGCTTCAGAGTGCGAGGAAAC CCCCACAAGCAATAGCTCACCCGGCTGCATTCTTCAAAGCCCCAACCTCGGGGCGGGGCGCAGGGAGGTG GGAGGTGGAGGGTAGCACCGCCGGGAGGCTCCTGTCAGCGCCTCTCGGTTTTCCCCCTGGCTCCTTGGCG CCCCCTGACGACGGGCTCCGCAGCAATTTGGCCGAGGGAGGCTGGATAGGCGGAAGCTCCGGGTGTCCGG GAAGCTAGAGGCACCCGGCCAATGCACCCGCGGACGGCGCGGACTGGCGGGCGGCCCCGCGGGAGGGCGC TGGGCTCTCAGGCCCGGGTGCAGCCCGCGGACGCCGCCGAAACCGCCGCAGCCATGTCCGCGCGCCCGCG CTGCCGCAGCCTGGCCGTGATGTCATCAGCCGAGCCCCCGCCGCGGCGCCCCATTCCCGCCCCCCGCAGG CTGCCGCGGCTGCAGCCTGAGCGCCGCGTCCCCGCCCCGACCCACGTGCGCCCGGCTTCTGGGATGCTGA GGTCGGCGGCGGCCGCAGGACGATGCGCGGGGCCCGGGCGGCCGCGGCGGCGGCGCTGCTCCTCCCCACT CGCCGCGTCCCCGGCGGGGCTGCGCCCGGGGGCTGCGCACGGACGGGGGCGGGGGCGCCTGGGGAGGGAG GGGAGAGGATCCCAGCCGCCGAGTCGCAGCCTCGTCGCTGTCTGCTGAGTCATGGCAAGCGCTCCCCGCA GCCCTGGATCACTCGCGTAGCGCGGCTGGCGCGGGGTGCGCAGCCATTGGG
EPDnew 實驗支持 promoter/TSS · 3 筆
| EPDnew ID | TSS(1-based) | 股向 | 來源顯示區間 |
|---|---|---|---|
| DST_2 ↗ | 6:56,469,881 | 負股 | 56,469,871–56,469,930 |
| DST_1 ↗ | 6:56,642,889 | 負股 | 56,642,879–56,642,938 |
| DST_3 ↗ | 6:56,693,151 | 負股 | 56,693,141–56,693,200 |
EPDnew human v006 · UCSC hg38,GRCh38/hg38,透過 UCSC 取得。TSS 具有 CAGE/RAMPAGE 等實驗資料支持;任意擷取的上下游區間仍需另行判讀調控功能,不能視為整段皆經功能驗證。
EPD 封存狀態 ↗ · UCSC 資料說明 ↗ · EPD team, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; UCSC Genome Browser · CC BY 4.0
查看已取得的調控/motif 註解
ENSR6_83N7M8 · enhancer · 56950056–56950209 · regulatory
ENSR6_83N7MT · enhancer · 56951133–56951316 · regulatory
ENSR6_BFB72 · promoter · 56954665–56955382 · regulatory
ENSR6_5HDNZJ · CTCF_binding_site · 56955198–56955219 · regulatory
ENSR6_5HDP25 · CTCF_binding_site · 56955326–56955347 · regulatory
ENSR6_BFB75 · enhancer · 56955383–56956224 · regulatory
ENSR6_5HDP5G · CTCF_binding_site · 56956048–56956069 · regulatory
ENSR6_83N7R3 · enhancer · 56956596–56956761 · regulatory
ENSR6_83N7S8 · enhancer · 56958608–56958852 · regulatory
ENSR6_83N7SJ · enhancer · 56959140–56959375 · regulatory
· motif · 56950219–56950229 · motif
· motif · 56953799–56953814 · motif
· motif · 56954241–56954258 · motif
· motif · 56954795–56954809 · motif
· motif · 56954798–56954806 · motif
· motif · 56955103–56955116 · motif
· motif · 56955103–56955116 · motif
· motif · 56955144–56955161 · motif
· motif · 56955153–56955170 · motif
· motif · 56955162–56955179 · motif
· motif · 56955200–56955216 · motif
· motif · 56955283–56955294 · motif
· motif · 56955283–56955294 · motif
· motif · 56955328–56955344 · motif
· motif · 56955519–56955532 · motif
· motif · 56955712–56955720 · motif
· motif · 56955799–56955810 · motif
· motif · 56955801–56955812 · motif
· motif · 56955836–56955851 · motif
· motif · 56955836–56955851 · motif
· motif · 56956050–56956066 · motif
· motif · 56956059–56956076 · motif
蛋白質結構域與序列
參考蛋白質長度:7570 aa
Dystonin 的序列註解長度為 7570 個胺基酸。其 N 端附近含兩個 Calponin-homology(CH)區域與 SH3 結構域;序列另標有多個 Spectrin 重複序列及五個 Plectin 重複序列。此處列出的結構特徵依來源註解呈現,不代表各異構型都具有完全相同的結構。
蛋白質三維結構
細胞內定位
Dystonin 的定位依異構型與細胞情境而異。 Isoform 3 與半橋粒及 KRT5-KRT14 網絡共定位,並在移動角質細胞前緣與 ITGB4 共定位;Isoform 7 在感覺神經元中連結軸突微管與中間絲,但不連結 actin。 Isoform 6 可位於細胞核周圍的 actin stress fibers,並有轉位至細胞核的描述(By similarity)。
深綠色圓點:來源記載的蛋白質定位;數量不表示含量。
未繪示構造:Cell projection, axon;Cell junction, hemidesmosome;Membrane。這些構造未在通用細胞圖中標點,仍保留來源定位名稱。
動物細胞結構示意;器官大小與數量不按比例。點選細胞構造可查看定位註解。
交互作用與訊號網絡
拖曳節點後放開可帶動位置變化;點選夥伴查看證據。位置與連線長度不代表結合強度,圖中未推定夥伴彼此之間的關係。
更多交互作用夥伴 · 已取得 5 個夥伴
- APPL1Q9UKG1 · UniProt INTERACTION · 3 experiments
- DISC1Q9NRI5 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
- MAPRE1Q15691 · UniProt INTERACTION · 7 experiments
- Mapre1Q61166 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
- P29991P29991 · UniProt INTERACTION · 4 experiments
Dystonin 可形成同源二聚體;Isoform 1 與 Isoform 6 也可經由 N 端形成同源二聚體。來源列出的實體互作包括 PLEC、PRPH、DES、ACTN2、COL17A1、ITGB4、ERBIN、MAPRE1、TMIGD2,以及標示為 By similarity 的 SYNE3 和 TMEM108。Isoform 3 與 KRT5-KRT14 中間絲為關聯,並非來源所述的直接互作;MAPRE1 互作可能有助於定位至生長中的微管正端。
疾病與遺傳關聯
影響 DST 的變異與多種疾病相關。HSAN6 為嚴重的常染色體隱性遺傳疾病,可見新生兒肌張力低下、呼吸與餵食困難、精神運動發展缺失及自律神經異常。EBS3 為常染色體隱性遺傳的單純型表皮分解性水皰症,常在足部與踝部起水皰;皮膚切片可見內斑形成不良的異常半橋粒。CMYO29 的特徵包括肌張力低下、遠端關節攣縮及早期呼吸與餵食困難,多數患者會發生擴張型心肌病。LCCS12 則是孕內起病的嚴重常染色體隱性疾病,可造成前角神經元退化、嚴重骨骼肌萎縮與先天性非進行性關節攣縮。來源將這些疾病歸因於影響 DST 的變異。
Contextual Functional Evidence Matrix
矩陣以「功能主張」為列,以細胞情境、干預條件、量測結果與證據來源為欄,方便比較同一功能在不同條件下的支持情形。只有含情境與實驗資訊的紀錄會列入矩陣;一般功能註解另列於下方。
功能註解總覽 · 16 筆
| 功能面向 | 功能敘述 | 證據類型 | 可查核來源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 功能 | Dystonin 是細胞骨架連結蛋白,可整合中間絲、actin 與微管網絡;在神經和肌肉細胞連結中間絲與 actin,在上皮細胞將含 keratin 的中間絲錨定至半橋粒。蛋白可能聚集成絲或二維網格;感覺神經元中的微管組織與穩定性,以及囊泡逆向軸突運輸相關描述包含相似性推論。 | 推論支持 | 證據與來源Cytoskeletal linker protein. Acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. Required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. The proteins may self-aggregate to form filaments or a two-dimensional mesh. Regulates the organization and stability of the microtubule network of sensory neurons to allow axonal transport. Mediates docking of the dynein/dynactin motor complex to vesicle cargos for retrograde axonal transport through its interaction with TMEM108 and DCTN1 (By similarity) |
| 功能 | Dystonin 參與上皮細胞半橋粒組裝,並將含 keratin 的中間絲錨定於半橋粒內斑。它也有助於調節角質細胞極性與移動,並介導 integrin ITGB4 對 RAC1 活性的調控。 | 資料庫紀錄 | 證據與來源Plays a structural role in the assembly of hemidesmosomes of epithelial cells; anchors keratin-containing intermediate filaments to the inner plaque of hemidesmosomes. Required for the regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility; mediates integrin ITGB4 regulation of RAC1 activity |
| 功能 | Dystonin 是細胞核周圍 actin 絲束集所需的蛋白質;此項描述未提供額外的細胞系統或作用機制細節。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Required for bundling actin filaments around the nucleus PMID 10428034 ↗ · PMID 12482924 ↗ · PMID 19403692 ↗ |
| 功能 | 在感覺神經元中,Dystonin 調節微管網絡的組織與穩定性,使軸突運輸得以進行;此敘述未進一步限定運輸方向或細胞實驗條件。 | 資料庫紀錄 | 證據與來源Regulates the organization and stability of the microtubule network of sensory neurons to allow axonal transport |
| 交互作用 | Dystonin 可形成同源二聚體,Isoform 1 與 Isoform 6 亦可經 N 端二聚。不同異構型與 PLEC、PRPH、DES、SYNE3、ACTN2、COL17A1、ITGB4、ERBIN、MAPRE1、TMIGD2、TMEM108 互作或關聯;MAPRE1 可能協助定位至生長中的微管正端,部分關係標示為相似性推論。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Homodimer. Isoform 1 interacts (via N-terminus) with PLEC (via N-terminus). Interacts with the neuronal intermediate filament protein, PRPH. Interacts with DES. Interacts with SYNE3 (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 6 can homodimerize (via N-terminus). Isoform 1 interacts (via N-terminus) with ACTN2. Isoform 1 interacts (via N-terminus) with PLEC (via N-terminus). Isoform 3 interacts (via N-terminus) with COL17A1 (via cytoplasmic region). Isoform 3 interacts (via N-terminus) with ITGB4 isoform beta-4a (via cytoplasmic region). Isoform 3 interacts (via N-terminus) with ERBIN (via C-terminus). Isoform 3 associates (via C-terminal) with KRT5-KRT14 (via rod region) intermediate filaments of keratins. Interacts with MAPRE1; probably required for targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends. Interacts with TMIGD2. Isoform 9 interacts with TMEM108 (By similarity) PMID 10637308 ↗ · PMID 11375975 ↗ · PMID 12482924 ↗ · PMID 19632184 ↗ · PMID 19932097 ↗ · PMID 22419821 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | Dystonin 與中間絲、actin 及微管細胞骨架相關,也可定位於 actin stress fibers、細胞皮質富含 actin 的皺褶區,以及生長中微管的遠端末梢;部分定位描述為相似性推論。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, stress fiber; Cell projection, axon; Associates with intermediate filaments, actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Localizes to actin stress fibers and to actin-rich ruffling at the cortex of cells (By similarity). Associated at the growing distal tip of microtubules PMID 11751855 ↗ · PMID 19932097 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | Isoform 1 位於細胞骨架、肌節 Z 線與 H 區,並分布於細胞質中的微管和 actin 微絲,也出現在質膜的焦點接觸附著處。 | 推論支持 | 證據與來源Isoform 1; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line; Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, H zone; Localizes to microtubules and actin microfilaments throughout the cytoplasm and at focal contact attachments at the plasma membrane |
| 細胞定位 | Isoform 2 位於細胞骨架,並與細胞皮質及細胞質中的 actin 絲共同定位;來源未提供其他條件或動態描述。 | 推論支持 | 證據與來源Isoform 2; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Colocalizes both cortical and cytoplasmic actin filaments |
| 細胞定位 | Isoform 3 位於細胞骨架與半橋粒,並與 actin 及中間絲相關,其中部分描述為相似性推論。它與表皮 KRT5-KRT14 中間絲網絡共定位,也在移動角質細胞前緣與 ITGB4 共定位。 | 資料庫紀錄 | 證據與來源Isoform 3; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cell junction, hemidesmosome; Localizes to actin and intermediate filaments cytoskeletons (By similarity). Colocalizes with the epidermal KRT5-KRT14 intermediate filaments network of keratins. Colocalizes with ITGB4 at the leading edge of migrating keratinocytes |
| 細胞定位 | Isoform 6 與 actin 及中間絲細胞骨架相關,在肌母細胞中位於細胞核周圍中央 actin stress fibers,且不出現在焦點接觸處;另有轉位至細胞核的相似性推論。在感覺神經元中,它與 actin 細胞骨架相關。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Isoform 6; Nucleus; Nucleus envelope; Membrane / Single-pass membrane protein; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane / Single-pass membrane protein; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, stress fiber; Localizes to actin and intermediate filaments cytoskeletons. Localizes to central actin stress fibers around the nucleus and is excluded form focal contact sites in myoblast cells. Translocates to the nucleus (By similarity). Associates with actin cytoskeleton in sensory neurons PMID 10428034 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | 在感覺神經元中,Isoform 7 與軸突微管及中間絲相關,但不與 actin 細胞骨架相關;來源未提供其定位變化或其他限制條件。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Isoform 7; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cell projection, axon; Membrane; Associates with axonal microtubules and intermediate filaments, but not with actin cytoskeleton, in sensory neurons PMID 10428034 ↗ |
| 細胞定位 | Isoform 8 位於細胞骨架與細胞皮質,並標註於細胞膜,膜結合方式為脂質錨定;來源未說明此定位的細胞條件或變化。 | 推論支持 | 證據與來源Isoform 8; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm, cell cortex; Cell membrane / Lipid-anchor |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 DST 的變異與 HSAN6 相關。此嚴重常染色體隱性疾病屬遺傳性感覺與自律神經病變,可有新生兒肌張力低下、呼吸及餵食困難、精神運動發展缺失,並伴隨心血管功能不穩、角膜反射缺失、反射消失等自律神經異常。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, 6 HSAN6 A form of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and by sensory and/or autonomic abnormalities. HSAN6 is a severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neonatal hypotonia, respiratory and feeding difficulties, lack of psychomotor development, and autonomic abnormalities including labile cardiovascular function, lack of corneal reflexes leading to corneal scarring, areflexia, and absent axonal flare response after intradermal histamine injection. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 614653 PMID 28767192 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 DST 的變異與 EBS3 相關,這是一種常染色體隱性單純型表皮分解性水皰症,水皰主要出現在足部與踝部。皮膚切片超微結構分析可見異常半橋粒及形成不良的內斑;此關聯不應延伸為來源未述的機制。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 3, localized or generalized intermediate, with BP230 deficiency EBS3 A form of epidermolysis bullosa, a genodermatosis characterized by recurrent blistering, fragility of the skin and mucosal epithelia, and erosions caused by minor mechanical trauma. EBS3 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skin blistering mainly occurring on the feet and ankles. Ultrastructural analysis of skin biopsy shows abnormal hemidesmosomes with poorly formed inner plaques. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 615425 PMID 20164846 ↗ · PMID 22113475 ↗ · PMID 35276021 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 DST 的變異與 CMYO29 相關,屬常染色體隱性先天性肌病,可見肌張力低下、遠端關節攣縮及早期呼吸和餵食困難。多數患者會發生擴張型心肌病,且常在嬰兒期或幼兒期死亡。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Congenital myopathy 29 with contractures CMYO29 A form of congenital myopathy, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders characterized by hypotonia and muscle weakness typically noticed at birth or during the neonatal period, and specific pathological features on muscle biopsy. CMYO29 is an autosomal recessive form characterized by hypotonia, distal joint contractures, and early respiratory and feeding difficulties. Most patients develop dilated cardiomyopathy, which often leads to death in infancy or early childhood. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 621510 PMID 40497796 ↗ |
| 疾病關聯 | 影響 DST 的變異與 LCCS12 相關。此嚴重常染色體隱性疾病於子宮內起病,可造成前角神經元退化、嚴重骨骼肌萎縮與先天性非進行性關節攣縮;病程可能導致胎內或圍產期死亡,亦可能在生命最初數年內死亡。 | 含實驗來源 | 證據與來源Lethal congenital contracture syndrome 12 LCCS12 A form of lethal congenital contracture syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by degeneration of anterior horn neurons, extreme skeletal muscle atrophy and congenital non-progressive joint contractures. The contractures can involve the upper or lower limbs and/or the vertebral column, leading to various degrees of flexion or extension limitations evident at birth. LCCS12 is a severe form with onset in utero that results in death in utero or during the perinatal period, or in the first years of life. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry MIM: 621511 PMID 22522446 ↗ · PMID 35276021 ↗ · PMID 40497796 ↗ |
核酸與蛋白質序列
GAGTCGCAGCCTCGTCGCTGTCTGCTGAGTCATGGCAAGC40GCTCCCCGCAGCCCTGGATCACTCGCGTAGCGCGGCTGGC80GCGGGGTGCGCAGCCATTGGGCTGGGCGCGGGGCCGCGAG120CGCCAGGCATGACGCGCTGAGCCGCGCTCACCCGTGCCCG160CCGTCCCGGCGTGCGCCCAGCGCGGGTGCCTGTGCCGCCG200CCCTCCAGCCCCGCCGTCGAGTCGCCCTCGCCTCGCCCGC240ACCATGATCGCCGCGGCTTTCCTCGTCTTGCTGAGACCCT280ACAGCATCCAATGTGCCCTCTTCCTCTTGTTGCTTCTGCT320GGGCACCATCGCCACCATCGTCTTCTTCTGCTGCTGGCAC360CGCAAGCTCCAGAAAGGGAGGCATCCGATGAAATCGGTCT400TCTCGGGTCGTTCAAGAAGCCGAGATGCTGTTTTGAGATC440GCACCACTTTCGTTCTGAGGGATTCAGAGCAAGCCCTCGG480CATCTTAGAAGACGAGTTGCAGCGGCCGCAGCTGCCCGTC520TGGAAGAAGTGAAGCCCGTGGTGGAAGTTCACCATCAGAG560TGAGCAAGAAACTTCAGTGAGGAAACGAAGAATCAAGAAG600AGCAGCCGAGTCCAGCCAGAATTTTATCACTCTGTTCAAG640GTGCTTCAATCAGGAGGCCTAGTTCCGGGAACGCGTCCTA680TCGCTGCTCTATGTCTTCCTCTGCGGATTTTTCCGATGAG720GATGATTTCAGCCAGAAATCTGGCTCCGCATCCCCAGCTC760CGGGAGACACCTTACCCTGGAATTTGCCTAAACATGAGAG800ATCGAAAAGAAAGATTCAAGGGGGCTCAGTGCTGGACCCT840GCCGAGAGGGCAGTGCTTCGGATAGCAGATGAACGGGACA880AAGTTCAGAAGAAAACATTTACAAAATGGATAAATCAGCA920TCTCATGAAGGTTCGAAAACATGTGAATGATCTCTATGAA960cDNA 使用 DNA 字母 T;mRNA 模式改以 U 顯示。轉錄本保留已註解的非編碼區,未另外加入 poly(A) 尾;非編碼 RNA 的參考轉錄本也可能仍需後續加工。數字為所選序列的 1-based 位置。長序列以黃色捲軸瀏覽,可複製或下載完整轉錄本與蛋白質;基因組 DNA 隨捲動取得所需範圍。